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1.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis ; 24(1): 88-95, 2021 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32367011

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to explore telomere-associated variables (TAV) as complementary biomarkers in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), analyzing their application in risk models for significant PCa (Gleason score > 6). METHODS: As part of a larger prospective longitudinal study of patients with suspicion of PCa undergoing prostate biopsy according to clinical practice, a subgroup of patients (n = 401) with PSA 3-10 ng/ml and no prior biopsies was used to evaluate the contribution of TAV to discern non-significant PCa from significant PCa. The cohort was randomly split for training (2/3) and validation (1/3) of the models. High-throughput quantitative fluorescence in-situ hybridization was used to evaluate TAV in peripheral blood mononucleated cells. Models were generated following principal component analysis and random forest and their utility as risk predictors was evaluated by analyzing their predictive capacity and accuracy, summarized by ROC curves, and their clinical benefit with decision curves analysis. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 63 years, with a median PSA of 5 ng/ml and a percentage of PCa diagnosis of 40.6% and significant PCa of 19.2%. Two TAV-based risk models were selected (TAV models 1 and 2) with an AUC ≥ 0.83 in the full study cohort, and AUC > 0.76 in the internal validation cohort. Both models showed an improvement in decision capacity when compared to the application of the PCPT-RC in the low-risk probabilities range. In the validation cohort, with TAV models 1 and 2, 33% /48% of biopsies would have been avoided losing 0/10.3% of significant PCa, respectively. The models were also tested and validated on an independent, retrospective, non contemporary cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Telomere analysis through TAV should be considered as a new risk-score biomarker with potential to increase the prediction capacity of significant PCa in patients with PSA between 3-10 ng/ml.


Assuntos
Diagnóstico Precoce , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Medição de Risco/métodos , Telômero/genética , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estudos Prospectivos , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Curva ROC , Fatores de Risco
2.
Arch Esp Urol ; 72(8): 750-758, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31579033

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Renal cryotherapy (RC) is an alternative therapeutic option to partial nephrectomy in elderly patients and/or patients with comorbidities. The technique can be guided by ultrasound, CT and MRI. Although CT is the most used technique, there are no comparative studies. The objective of this study was to review the current status of ultrasound as a guide for the planning and execution of RC. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the Pubmed/Medline database following the PRISMA guidelines. We used 42 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the synthesis of the evidence. RESULTS: Ultrasound allows dynamic and real-time monitoring of the entire procedure to guide the biopsy, placement of the cryoprobes, cryoball formation, and early identification of complications. The success rate and recurrences found in the percutaneous renal cryotherapy (PRC) were 97.04% and 1.81%, respectively, with 9.35% complications. The ultrasound during laparoscopic renal cryotherapy (LRC) has been shown to reduce the time spent in localizing the renal mass and also decreases the need for large dissections. On the other hand, contrast-enhanced ultrasound during follow-up shows a concordance with the CT or MRI of 72-96% and no complications have been described associated with its execution. CONCLUSION: Renal cryotherapy guided by ultrasound is a feasible technique, its main advantage is based on real-time monitoring during the procedure. The PRC presents an acceptable rate of complications and excellent oncological results. The LRC allows a rapid localization of the renal mass and reduces extensive dissections. During follow-up, the use of contrast ultrasound is a safe alternative that has been shown to have a good degree of agreement with respect to CT and MRI.


OBJETIVO: La crioterapia renal (CR) es una opción terapéutica alternativa a la nefrectomía parcial en pacientes de edad avanzada y/o comorbilidades. La técnica puede realizarse guiada por ecografía, TC y RM. Aunque la TC es la técnica mas utilizada, no existen estudios comparativos. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar el estado actual de la ecografía como guía para la planificación y ejecución de la CR.MÉTODOS: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura en la base de datos Pubmed/Medline siguiendo las normas PRISMA. Se utilizaron 42 artículos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión para la síntesis de la evidencia. RESULTADOS: La ecografía permite la monitorización dinámica y en tiempo real de todo el procedimiento permitiendo guiar la toma de biopsia, colocación de las criosondas, formación de la criobola, así como la identificación temprana de complicaciones. La tasa de éxito y recurrencias encontradas en la CR Percutánea (CRP) fue de 97,04% y 1,81%, respectivamente, con un 9,35 % de complicaciones. La ecografía en CR Laparoscópica (CRL) ha mostrado reducir el tiempo empleado en la localización de la masa renal e igualmente disminuye la necesidad de grandes disecciones. La ecografía con contraste durante el seguimiento muestra una concordancia con la TC o RMN de 72-96% y no se han descrito complicaciones asociadas a su ejecución.CONCLUSIÓN: La CR guiada por ecografía es una técnica factible cuya principal ventaja se basa en la monitorización a tiempo real durante el procedimiento. La CRP presenta tasa de complicaciones y resultados oncológicos aceptables. Mediante la CRL se puede realizar una localización rápida de la masa renal y reduce las disecciones extensas. Durante el seguimiento, el uso de la ecografía con contraste es una alternativa segura que ha mostrado tener buen grado de concordancia con respecto a la TC y la RMN.


Assuntos
Crioterapia , Neoplasias Renais , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Idoso , Criocirurgia , Crioterapia/métodos , Humanos , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Renais/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Nefrectomia
3.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 72(8): 750-758, oct. 2019. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-189082

RESUMO

Objetivo: La crioterapia renal (CR) es una opción terapéutica alternativa a la nefrectomía parcial en pacientes de edad avanzada y/o comorbilidades. La técnica puede realizarse guiada por ecografía, TC y RM. Aunque la TC es la técnica más utilizada, no existen estudios comparativos. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar el estado actual de la ecografía como guía para la planificación y ejecución de la CR. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura en la base de datos Pubmed/Medline siguiendo las normas PRISMA. Se utilizaron 42 artículos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión para la síntesis de la evidencia. Resultados: La ecografía permite la monitorización dinámica y en tiempo real de todo el procedimiento permitiendo guiar la toma de biopsia, colocación de las criosondas, formación de la criobola, así como la identificación temprana de complicaciones. La tasa de éxito y recurrencias encontradas en la CR Percutánea (CRP) fue de 97,04% y 1,81%, respectivamente, con un 9,35 % de complicaciones. La ecografía en CR Laparoscópica (CRL) ha mostrado reducir el tiempo empleado en la localización de la masa renal e igualmente disminuye la necesidad de grandes disecciones. La ecografía con contraste durante el seguimiento muestra una concordancia con la TC o RMN de 72-96% y no se han descrito complicaciones asociadas a su ejecución. Conclusión: La CR guiada por ecografía es una técnica factible cuya principal ventaja se basa en la monitorización a tiempo real durante el procedimiento. La CRP presenta tasa de complicaciones y resultados oncológicos aceptables. Mediante la CRL se puede realizar una localización rápida de la masa renal y reduce las disecciones extensas. Durante el seguimiento, el uso de la ecografía con contraste es una alternativa segura que ha mostrado tener buen grado de concordancia con respecto a la TC y la RMN


Objective: Renal cryotherapy (RC) is an alternative therapeutic option to partial nephrectomy in elderly patients and/or patients with comorbidities. The technique can be guided by ultrasound, CT and MRI. Although CT is the most used technique, there are no comparative studies. The objective of this study was to review the current status of ultrasound as a guide for the planning and execution of RC. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in the Pubmed/Medline database following the PRISMA guidelines. We used 42 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the synthesis of the evidence. Results: Ultrasound allows dynamic and real-time monitoring of the entire procedure to guide the biopsy, placement of the cryoprobes, cryoball formation, and early identification of complications. The success rate and recurrences found in the percutaneous renal cryotherapy (PRC) were 97.04% and 1.81%, respectively, with 9.35% complications. The ultrasound during laparoscopic renal cryotherapy (LRC) has been shown to reduce the time spent in localizing the renal mass and also decreases the need for large dissections. On the other hand, contrast-enhanced ultrasound during follow-up shows a concordance with the CT or MRI of 72-96% and no complications have been described associated with its execution. Conclusion: Renal cryotherapy guided by ultrasound is a feasible technique, its main advantage is based on real-time monitoring during the procedure. The PRC presents an acceptable rate of complications and excellent oncological results. The LRC allows a rapid localization of the renal mass and reduces extensive dissections. During follow-up, the use of contrast ultrasound is a safe alternative that has been shown to have a good degree of agreement with respect to CT and MRI


Assuntos
Humanos , Idoso , Crioterapia/métodos , Neoplasias Renais/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Renais/terapia , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Criocirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Nefrectomia
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